Infertility is more common than many people realize. It affects millions of couples worldwide and can be caused by factors involving either partner—or both. Understanding the basics is the first step toward finding solutions and support.
What Is Infertility?
Infertility is generally defined as the inability to conceive after 12 months of regular, unprotected intercourse. For women over 35, doctors may recommend evaluation after six months.
Common Causes
Female Factors
- Irregular ovulation
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
- Endometriosis
- Blocked fallopian tubes
- Age-related fertility decline
Male Factors
- Low sperm count
- Poor sperm motility
- Hormonal imbalances
- Varicocele (enlarged veins in the scrotum)
When Should You See a Specialist?
Consider consulting a fertility specialist if:
- You've been trying to conceive for over a year
- You're over 35 and have been trying for six months
- You have irregular menstrual cycles
- You have a history of reproductive health conditions
The Good News
Advances in fertility medicine have made it possible for many couples to achieve pregnancy through lifestyle changes, medication, or assisted reproductive technologies.